1)
The Definition of Exposition Strategy
The term of exposition is derived from the concept of
exposition means explanation. In the context of English teaching, exposition is
a strategy which center in teacher who explains facts, ideas and information
for the students. One defines exposition is a set of strategies for recalling
what one knows about a subject, distinguishing between important and incidental
information, using the natural structure of the domain to select and organize
material, and explaining that material to other people.[1] This strategy may be used
by the teachers for presenting the subject material particularly at the
presentation stage of their lesson.
On other definition figures exposition as a one-way
process essentially, although it may include some modest questions and answers
or discussion. The strategy is top-down and teacher-centered because it is the
person designing and/or delivering who determines what information is to be
delivered and how, where and when.[2] While using this strategy
the subject matter is first logically sequenced and organized by the teacher
who puts it before the students in a clear and interesting way so that it may
be easily grasped and understood.
The main emphasis in the exposition strategy is on the
manner and way of exposing the topic and subject matter to the students. Here,
every precaution is taken to select, sequence, organize and present the subject
matter before the students in a simple, interesting and lucid style so that
pupils may understand and grasp it easily and properly. Clarity of thoughts and
ideas inherent in the subject matter, not from the angle of the teacher hut
from the angle of the students, is the basic thing that is clearly emphasized
through this teaching strategy.[3]
Based on the several definitions above, researchers
composes that exposition strategy is strategy which is emphasized on the
process of utterance and delivering the lesson material verbally from the
teacher to the group of students in intending to mastery the lesson material
optimally for students.
2)
The
Uses and Importance of Exposition Strategy
In a general sense, this strategy can be used in the
teaching of all the subject of the school curriculum. However it takes
different shapes and dimensions in the leaching of different subjects and
topics. For examples, in the teaching of languages, a teacher may be able to
express the subject mailer through verbal illustration, whereas in a science
lesson one may have to demonstrate for providing clear exposition of the
subject matter, or in a geography lesson he may have to make use of maps and
globes for such exposition.[4]
For exposition to work as a strategy, the student must
be a relatively independent learner, with a good awareness of what they do and
do not know about the subject in question. This is likely to include senior
professionals, such as hospital consultants, lawyers, accountants, executives,
academics, etc. They will be able to determine what is most relevant and
therefore most important to focus on and process further, whereas the dependent
or novice learner could easily be overwhelmed by the sheer volume of
undifferentiated information.
3)
The
Limitations and Demerits
This strategy suffers from following limitations and defects;
(a) The strategy needs that the presented subject
matter is exposed with needed clarification and explanation. There is no limit
of simplifying or clarifying a subject matter, If it is sought from the pupil’s
angle then there is a problem of individual differences and it is difficult to
adjust the simplification of exposition according to the needs of every
student,
(b) The
whole responsibility in exposition strategy lies on the shoulders of the
teacher. For the required success he must have a complete mastery over the
subject matter along with the necessary competency in use of this device.
Accordingly, while carrying out the task with the help of this device he has to
make all arrangements and take all precautions for the exposition of the
subject matter. Every teacher is not supposed to be so competent in doing what
is needed from him with respect to the use of this strategy.
(c) In
this strategy the students have to remain more or less inactive and passive,
they don’t have to tax their brain and engage in discussion or learning the
thing with their own attempts. In the absence of such requirements from the
students, the teacher has to work more for the realization of better results.
4)
Teaching
Exposition Strategy
A teacher should try to take care of the following
things while making proper gains with the use of this strategy. At the first
point is they should to mastery over the subject matter which he is going to
present to the students. Secondly, the objectives of the lesson should he then
properly set and put before the students. Next to consider about the subject
matter should be properly sequenced and organized.
Furthermore, the subject matter should be presented in
meaningful small units and steps one by one. A teacher should not present a
large detail or more information which can be difficult for the students to
understand or grasp. Then, As far as possible, the students should be involved
in the teaching process. They should be left free and rather encouraged to put
questions in order to remove their doubts and gaps in their learning as well as
understand and grasp the subject matter as comprehensively and usefully as
possible.
Moreover, the teacher should write down the main points
and central events on the blackboard while exposing the material to the
students. The following point deals with the help of illustrative material like
charts, maps, objects, and models should be properly sought for the clear and
effective exposition.
Besides teaching strategies like narration, description,
explanation, questioning-answering and discussion should also find its place
for making the exposition as interesting, meaningful and effective as possible.
The last point instruct the teacher to evaluate the outcome of the applying of
exposition strategy through proper questioning and fix the learning in the
minds of the students through review, practice and other suitable fixing
strategy.
5)
The
Procedures of Teaching Exposition Strategy
There are several steps to apply exposition strategy
for the English learners, as following:[5]
(a)
Preparation
Preparation in this strategy is one thing that should
always notice about, the success of teaching depends on this part. It is
organized for gaining several teaching purposes:
(1) Supporting
students into critical thinking and large imagination.
(2) Motivating
the students’ interest in learning English.
(3) Bringing
the students into high curiosity with lesson material.
(4) The
applying of Exposition means teaching material with highly give the students
opportunity to elaborate their skills.
(b)
Presentation
After preparing the material, the show goes on. Here,
teacher should underline that the more simple words they say, the more students
can understand the explanation. Therefore, there are several points should be
noticed when teachers crash with this step.
(1) The
language used
It is clearly necessary that using simple word that the
students have known is the key deliver the message and the content of material.
(2) Voice
intonation
Teacher should know when they have to louder their
voice and when they have to lower.
(3) Eye
Contact
It is supposed for making students feeling to get
appreciation and involve in the presentation.
(4) Many
Fresh Jokes
Students are easily to be bored therefore teachers
should know when they have to stop for delivering the lesson and stimulate the
students’ interest by jokes or interesting story.
(c)
Correlation
This step when teacher correlate the recent material
with the actual material which is presented. It deals with the students’ prior
knowledge.
(d)
Generalization
Generalization is the step where teacher takes a main
idea of the material presented. It is supposed to make students ensure to what
facts or information have been presented. Teacher might repeat the main idea,
questioning and answering with students or by using mind mapping.
(e)
Application
This step deals with giving task or assignment about
the lesson material which have been presented or by doing test to know the
students’ understanding.
[2] http://onlignment.com/strategies-for-learning-exposition/,
retrieved on 12th July 2013 at 20.00 p.m.
[3]
S. K. Mangal and Uma Mangal, Essentials
of Educational Technology, (New Delhi: PHI Private Learning Limited, 2009),
p. 268
[4] I b i d., p. 269
[5] http://iceteazegeg.wordpress.com/2010/09/10/strategi-pembelajaran-ekspositori/,
retrieved on 12th July 2013 at 19.45 p.m.
